1. Degreasing
Lub degreasing yog tshem tawm cov roj tawm ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm thiab hloov cov roj mus rau hauv cov tshuaj soluble lossis emulsify thiab tawg cov roj kom sib npaug thiab ruaj khov hauv cov dej da dej raws li saponification, solubilization, ntub dej, dispersion thiab emulsification cuam tshuam rau ntau hom roj los ntawm degreasing. tus neeg sawv cev.Cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam ntawm degreasing zoo yog: qhov chaw ntawm lub workpiece yuav tsum tsis txhob pom cov roj, emulsion los yog lwm yam av tom qab degreasing, thiab saum npoo yuav tsum tau wetted kiag li los ntawm dej tom qab ntxuav.Qhov zoo ntawm degreasing feem ntau yog nyob ntawm tsib yam, suav nrog dawb alkalinity, kub ntawm cov tshuaj degreasing, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov ntsiab lus roj ntawm cov tshuaj degreasing.
1.1 Dawb alkalinity (FAL)
Tsuas yog qhov tsim nyog concentration ntawm degreasing tus neeg sawv cev tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws.Cov dawb alkalinity (FAL) ntawm cov tshuaj degreasing yuav tsum raug kuaj pom.Tsawg FAL yuav txo cov roj tshem tawm, thiab FAL siab yuav ua rau cov nqi khoom nce ntxiv, nce lub nra ntawm kev ntxuav tom qab kev kho mob, thiab txawm tias muaj kab mob ua kom lub ntsej muag thiab phosphating.
1.2 Kub ntawm degreasing tov
Txhua hom tshuaj degreasing yuav tsum tau siv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tshaj plaws.Yog tias qhov ntsuas kub qis dua li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov tshuaj degreasing tsis tuaj yeem muab kev ua si tag nrho rau degreasing;Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias dhau lawm, kev siv hluav taws xob yuav nce ntxiv, thiab cov teebmeem tsis zoo yuav tshwm sim, yog li tus neeg sawv cev degreasing evaporates sai thiab nrawm nrawm nrawm, uas yuav yooj yim ua rau xeb, alkali me ntsis thiab oxidation, cuam tshuam rau phosphating zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tom ntej. .Tsis siv neeg kub tswj yuav tsum tau calibrated tsis tu ncua.
1.3 Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm
Cov tshuaj degreasing yuav tsum nyob rau hauv tag nrho kev sib cuag nrog cov roj ntawm lub workpiece rau lub sij hawm txaus sib cuag thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, kom ua tau zoo degreasing nyhuv.Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lub sijhawm degreasing ntev dhau lawm, qhov dullness ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm yuav nce ntxiv.
1.4 Mechanical action
Lub twj tso kua mis los yog lub zog ua haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem degreasing, ntxiv los ntawm kev siv tshuab, tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshem tawm cov roj thiab txo lub sijhawm ntawm dipping thiab ntxuav;Qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag degreasing yog ntau tshaj 10 lub sij hawm sai dua li ntawm dipping degreasing.
1.5 Cov ntsiab lus roj ntawm cov tshuaj degreasing
Kev siv cov dej da dej rov ua dua yuav ua rau cov roj cov ntsiab lus hauv cov dej da dej ntxiv, thiab thaum cov roj cov ntsiab lus nce mus txog qhov sib piv, cov nyhuv degreasing thiab kev tu kom zoo ntawm tus neeg sawv cev degreasing yuav poob qis heev.Kev huv huv ntawm qhov chaw kho qhov chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsis raug txhim kho txawm tias qhov siab ntawm cov kua tank yog khaws cia los ntawm kev ntxiv tshuaj.Cov kua degreasing uas muaj hnub nyoog thiab deteriorated yuav tsum tau hloov rau tag nrho lub tank.
2. Acid pickling
Xeb tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov hlau siv rau kev tsim khoom thaum nws dov los yog khaws cia thiab thauj.Cov txheej xeb nrog cov qauv xoob thiab tsis tuaj yeem txuas nrog cov khoom siv hauv paus.Cov oxide thiab hlau hlau tuaj yeem tsim ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm tes, uas ntxiv dag zog rau cov hlau corrosion thiab ua rau cov txheej txheem puas sai.Yog li ntawd, xeb yuav tsum tau ntxuav ua ntej pleev xim.Cov xeb feem ntau raug tshem tawm los ntawm acid pickling.Nrog ceev ceev ntawm xeb tshem tawm thiab tus nqi qis, acid pickling yuav tsis deform cov hlau workpiece thiab tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov xeb hauv txhua lub ces kaum.Lub pickling yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov pom oxide, xeb thiab dhau-etching ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm pickled.Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau cov nyhuv ntawm xeb tshem tawm feem ntau yog raws li hauv qab no.
2.1 Dawb acidity (FA)
Kev ntsuas cov kua qaub dawb (FA) ntawm lub tank pickling yog qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ncaj qha thiab zoo tshaj plaws los xyuas qhov kev tshem tawm xeb ntawm lub tank pickling.Yog hais tias cov dawb acidity tsawg, cov nyhuv tshem tawm xeb tsis zoo.Thaum cov dawb acidity siab dhau lawm, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kua qaub nyob hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm loj, uas tsis tsim nyog rau kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm;hlau nto yog nquag mus rau "over-etching";thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ntxuav cov residual acid, uas ua rau muaj kuab paug tom qab tank tov.
2.2 Kub thiab sijhawm
Feem ntau pickling yog ua nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, thiab rhuab pickling yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm 40 ℃ to 70 ℃.Txawm hais tias qhov kub thiab txias muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntau dua rau kev txhim kho cov peev txheej, qhov kub thiab txias yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm.Lub sijhawm pickling yuav tsum luv li sai tau thaum xeb tau raug tshem tawm tag.
2.3 Kev ua qias tuaj thiab kev laus
Hauv cov txheej txheem tshem tawm xeb, cov kua qaub yuav txuas ntxiv coj cov roj lossis lwm yam impurities, thiab tshem tawm cov impurities tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev khawb.Thaum soluble hlau ions ntau tshaj ib co ntsiab lus, cov xeb tshem tawm cov nyhuv ntawm lub tank tov yuav txo tau zoo heev, thiab ntau tshaj hlau ions yuav muab tov rau hauv lub phosphate tank nrog lub workpiece nto residue, accelerating cov pa phem thiab aging ntawm phosphate tank tov, thiab cuam tshuam rau phosphating zoo ntawm workpiece.
3. Nto activating
Nto activating tus neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm vim yog cov roj tshem tawm los ntawm alkali lossis xeb tshem tawm los ntawm pickling, thiaj li hais tias muaj coob tus zoo crystalline chaw yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov hlau nto, yog li accelerating tus ceev ntawm phosphate cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab txhawb kev tsim. ntawm phosphate coatings.
3.1 Dej zoo
Cov dej loj xeb los yog siab concentration ntawm calcium thiab magnesium ion nyob rau hauv lub tank tov yuav cuam tshuam rau stability ntawm lub nto activating tov.Cov dej softeners tuaj yeem muab ntxiv thaum npaj cov tshuaj hauv lub tank kom tshem tawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov dej tsis zoo ntawm cov dej ua kom dej.
3.2 Siv sijhawm
Surface activating tus neeg sawv cev feem ntau yog ua los ntawm colloidal titanium ntsev uas muaj cov haujlwm colloidal.Cov haujlwm colloidal yuav ploj tom qab tus neeg sawv cev siv rau lub sijhawm ntev lossis impurity ions tau nce, uas ua rau cov sedimentation thiab txheej txheej ntawm cov kua dej da dej.Yog li ntawd, cov dej da dej yuav tsum tau hloov.
4. Phosphating
Phosphating yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov tshuaj electrochemical los tsim cov tshuaj phosphate chemical conversion txheej, tseem hu ua phosphate txheej.Cov tshuaj zinc phosphating uas tsis tshua muaj kub yog feem ntau siv rau hauv tsheb npav painting.Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm phosphating yog los muab kev tiv thaiv rau lub hauv paus hlau, tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm corrosion rau qee yam, thiab txhim kho cov adhesion thiab corrosion tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm ntawm cov xim zaj duab xis txheej.Phosphating yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem pretreatment, thiab muaj qhov cuam tshuam cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab ntau yam, yog li nws yog qhov nyuaj los tswj cov txheej txheem tsim cov phosphate da dej ntau dua li lwm cov dej da dej.
4.1 Acid ratio (piv txwv ntawm tag nrho cov acidity rau dawb acidity)
Cov kua qaub ntau ntxiv tuaj yeem ua kom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm phosphating thiab ua phosphatingtxheejnyias.Tab sis cov kua qaub ntau dhau yuav ua rau cov txheej txheej nyias nyias, uas yuav ua rau cov hmoov tshauv rau phosphating workpiece;Cov kua qaub qis yuav ua rau qeeb phosphating cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ceev, txo cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion, thiab ua rau phosphating crystal tig ntxhib thiab ntxeem tau, yog li ua rau daj xeb ntawm phosphating workpiece.
4.2 Kub
Yog hais tias qhov kub ntawm cov dej da dej yog nce kom tsim nyog, qhov ceev ntawm txheej txheej yog ceev.Tab sis qhov kub thiab txias heev yuav cuam tshuam qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kua qaub thiab qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov kua dej da dej, thiab ua kom cov slag tawm ntawm cov dej da dej.
4.3 Tus nqi sediment
Nrog rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv phosphate tas mus li, cov sediment hauv cov dej da dej yuav maj mam nce ntxiv, thiab cov sediment ntau dhau yuav cuam tshuam rau lub workpiece nto interface, ua rau qhov muag plooj phosphate txheej.Yog li cov dej da dej yuav tsum tau nchuav tawm raws li tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab siv sijhawm.
4.4 Nitrite NO-2 (concentration of accelerating agent)
NO-2 tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv phosphate, txhim kho qhov ntom ntom thiab corrosion kuj ntawm phosphate txheej.Cov ntsiab lus NO-2 siab dhau lawm yuav ua rau txheej txheej txheej yooj yim los tsim cov pob dawb, thiab cov ntsiab lus tsawg dhau yuav txo cov txheej txheej ceev thiab tsim cov xim daj ntawm cov phosphate txheej.
4.5 sulfate radical SO2-4
Cov kua dej ntau dhau los yog kev tswj tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj sulfate radical hauv phosphate da dej, thiab sulfate ion ntau dhau yuav ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv phosphate qeeb, ua rau coarse thiab ntxeem tau phosphate txheej siv lead ua, thiab txo corrosion kuj.
4.6 Ferrous ion Fe2+
Cov ntsiab lus ferrous ion ntau dhau nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj phosphate yuav txo qis corrosion kuj ntawm phosphate txheej ntawm chav tsev kub, ua phosphate txheej siv lead ua ntxhib ntawm nruab nrab kub, nce sediment ntawm phosphate tov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, ua kom cov av nkos, thiab ua kom cov acidity dawb.
5. Kev tsis ua haujlwm
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog muab cov hws ntim ntawm cov tshuaj phosphote, txhim kho nws cov adhesion ntau dua thiab xeb tawm tsam tag nrho.Tam sim no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev deactivation, piv txwv li, chromium thiab tsis muaj chromium.Txawm li cas los xij, alkaline inorganic ntsev yog siv rau deactivation thiab feem ntau ntawm cov ntsev muaj phosphate, carbonate, nitrite thiab phosphate, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub sij hawm ntev adhesion thiab corrosion kuj.txheej txheej.
6. Kev ntxuav dej
Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev ntxuav dej yog tshem tawm cov kua seem ntawm lub workpiece nto los ntawm cov dej da dej yav dhau los, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov dej ntxuav ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau phosphating zoo ntawm workpiece thiab stability ntawm cov dej da dej.Cov nram qab no yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas thaum lub sij hawm ntxuav cov dej da dej.
6.1 Cov ntsiab lus ntawm sludge residue yuav tsum tsis txhob siab dhau.Cov ntsiab lus siab dhau yuav ua rau cov tshauv ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
6.2 Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov kua dej da dej yuav tsum tsis pub muaj cov impurities tshem tawm.Kev ntxuav dej ntau dhau yog siv los xyuas kom meej tias tsis muaj cov roj raug tshem tawm lossis lwm yam impurities ntawm cov dej da dej.
6.3 Tus nqi pH ntawm cov dej da dej yuav tsum nyob ze rau nruab nrab.Cov nqi pH siab dhau los yog qis dhau yuav yooj yim ua rau cov dej da dej, yog li cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov dej da dej tom ntej.
Post lub sij hawm: May-23-2022